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22 FSN Series • User’s Guide • Rev 01
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Glossary of Switcher Terms
• NTSC — National Television Standards Committee. The oldest standard for color
picture broadcasting. NTSC is a standard definition format that operates at a
frequency of 60Hz, with 525 lines, 60 fields and 30 frames per second.
• PAL — Phase Alternating Line. PAL is the predominant TV standard in Europe.
PAL is a standard definition format that operates at a frequency of 50Hz, with 625
lines, 50 fields, and 25 frames per second.
• PGM (Program) — The switcher bus on the Program bank that selects the on-line
(or on-air) output signal from that bank.
• PGM Bank — The entire PGM bank, including the PGM bus, PST bus, DSK, the
PGM transition section and FTB.
• PIP (Picture-in-Picture) — An on-screen “look” in which one picture (typically of
reduced size) is positioned or keyed over another background image — or
another PIP. PIPs can overlap each other, depending on their visual priority.
• PST (Preset) — The switcher bus that selects the video that will appear next on-
line (or on-air).
• RGB — The red, green and blue color signal components.
• RGBHV — Defines a connection scheme with five lines: one for red, one for
green, one for blue, one for the horizontal sync and one for the vertical sync. This
is the standard used in VGA and other analog PC computer monitors.
• RGBS — Defines a connection with four signals, to transmit video and sync
information. Vertical and horizontal sync are combined on a single channel
• RGsB — Defines a connection with three signals, to transmit video and sync
information. Here, the sync information is transmitted on the green channel.
• SD-SDI — (Standard Definition Serial Digital Interface) — a standard definition
SDI signal with a data rate of 270 Mbit/s only (SMPTE 259M). Example formats
are 480i and 525i.
• SDI (Serial Digital Video) — A digital representation of the video signal that is
distributed via a single coaxial cable with BNC connectors.
• T-Bar — Also known as a Fader, the T-Bar is the lever on a switcher that manually
controls the progress of an effect. The position of the fader controls the amount of
the BG (Background) Bus signal and the PST (Preset) Bus signal that contributes
to the mix, wipe or key.
• TD (Technical Director) — the person who operates the FSN Series switcher.
• Wipe — a transition between two video sources that uses a selected pattern to
determine the edge between the two sources.
• Y/C — A video signal in which color and brightness information is transmitted
separately (luminance Y, chrominance C).