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CHP. 9 EDITING, REPAIRING, AND SYNTHESIZING AUDIO
143
Specifying the number and arrangement of operators
Dragging the Configuration slider changes the graphical representation of the arrangement and number of
operators used to generate the waveform. When configuring your waveform, keep the following guidelines in
mind:
• The outputs of horizontally joined operators are simply mixed. The outputs of the bottom operators are
mixed to form the final output. Mixing unique simple waveforms is referred to as additive synthesis.
• Operators joined vertically are FM carrier-modulator pairs. The bottom operator is the carrier and the top
operator is the modulator.
• Operators without other operators directly above are simple waveform generators.
• When three or more operators are stacked, the top operator modulates the operator below it, which
modulates the following operator, and so on.
Modifying an operator
1.
Select the Current radio button corresponding to the operator to be modified.
2.
Use the envelope graph to modify the amplitude of the operator over time. For more information, see
Envelope graphs on page 39.
3.
From the Operator shape drop-down list, choose a waveform shape.
4.
Specify the frequency of the operator in the Frequency box.
Tip:
If Frequency is set to 0.00, a DC (zero-frequency)
waveform is produced regardless of the waveform specified.
Note:
When you choose Filtered Noise from the Operator
shape
drop-down list, Frequency determines the high-
frequency content of the noise.
5.
Use the Feedback slider to determine the amount of the operator's output that is used to modulate itself. If
the operator is also being modulated by another waveform, the feedback path and the modulator output
are mixed together to modulate the carrier.
6.
Use the Amplitude fader to determine the output gain that is applied to the current operator after the
amplitude envelope.
Note:
If the operator is a modulator, this control (along with
the envelope) determines the amount of frequency
modulation applied to the carrier. If the amplitude of a
modulator is high, harsh audio may result.