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bleeding the pump through a clear tube. There must be
no froth visible. There are various test kits available to
enable you to look at the oil through clear tube. There
must be no froth visible. There are various test kits
available to enable you to look at the oil through clear
tubing adapted to the supply line at the pump tting.
Air eliminators are on the market that have potential.
Also, electronic sight glasses are being used with good
success. At times, new tubing must be run to the tank
or new ttings put on. Just make sure you get the air
out before you leave.
Any air leaks in the fuel line will cause an unstable
ame and may cause delayed ignition noises. Use only
are ttings in the fuel lines.
4. GASKET LEAKS — If 11.5 to 12.5% CO
2
with a
#1 smoke cannot be obtained in the breeching, look
for air leaks around the burner mounting gasket,
observation door, and canopy gasket. Such air leaks
will cause a lower CO
2
reading in the breeching. The
smaller the ring rate the greater effect an air leak
can have on CO
2
readings.
5. DIRT — A fuel lter is a good investment.
Accidental accumulation of dirt in the fuel system
can clog the nozzle or nozzle strainer and produce a
poor spray pattern from the nozzle. The smaller the
ring rate, the smaller the slots become in the nozzle
and the more prone to plugging it becomes with the
same amount of dirt.
6. WATER — Water in the fuel in large amounts will
stall the fuel pump. Water in the fuel in smaller
amounts will cause excessive wear on the pump,
but more importantly water doesn’t burn. It chills
the ame and causes smoke and unburned fuel to
pass out of the combustion chamber and clog the
ueways of the boiler.
7. COLD OIL — If the oil temperature approaching
the fuel pump is 40°F or lower poor combustion or
delayed ignition may result. Cold oil is harder to
atomize at the nozzle. Thus, the spray droplets get
larger and the ame shape gets longer. An outside
fuel tank that is above grade or has fuel lines in a
shallow bury is a good candidate for cold oil. The
best solution is to bury the tank and lines deep
enough to keep the oil above 40°F.
8. FLAME SHAPE — Looking into the combustion
chamber through the observation door, the ame
should appear straight with no sparklers rolling up
toward the crown of the chamber. If the ame drags
to the right or left, sends sparklers upward or makes
wet spots on the target wall, the nozzle should be
replaced. If the condition persists look for fuel leaks,
air leaks, water or dirt in the fuel as described above.
9. HIGH ALTITUDE INSTALLATIONS
Air settings must be increased at high altitudes. Use
instruments and set for 11.5 to 12.5% CO
2
.
10. START-UP NOISE — Late ignition is the cause of
start-up noises. If it occurs recheck for electrode
settings, ame shape, air or water in the fuel lines.
11. SHUT DOWN NOISE — If the ame runs out of air
before it runs out of fuel, an after burn with
noise may occur. That may be the result of a faulty
cut-off valve in the fuel pump, or it may be air
trapped in the nozzle line. It may take several ring
cycles for that air to be fully vented through the
nozzle. Water in the fuel or poor ame shape can also
cause shut down noises.
NOTICE
CHECK TEST PROCEDURE. A very good test for
isolating fuel side problems is to disconnect the
fuel system and with a short length of tubing,
re out of an auxiliary ve gallon pail of clean,
fresh, warm #2 oil from another source. If the
burner runs successfully when drawing out of the
auxiliary pail then the problem is isolated to the
fuel or fuel lines being used on the jobsite.
D. ATTENTION TO BOILER WHILE NOT IN
OPERATION
1. IMPORTANT
IF BOILER IS NOT USED DURING WINTER
TIME, IT MUST BE FULLY DRAINED TO
PREVENT FREEZE DAMAGE.
2. Spray inside surfaces with light lubricating or
crankcase oil using gun with extended stem so as to
reach all corners.
3. With steam boilers, at end of season add sufcient
water to ll boiler to top of water column and leave
it that way until fall when water should be drained
again to proper level. If, at this time, boiler water
is dirty, drain water, ush out boiler, and rell with
clean water to prescribed water level.
4. Always keep the manual fuel supply valve shut off
if the burner is shut down for an extended period of
time.
5. To recondition the heating system in the fall season
after a prolonged shut down, follow the instructions
outlined in Section IV, Paragraphs A through K.
WARNING
This boiler contains controls which may cause the
boiler to shut down and not restart without service.
If damage due to frozen pipes is a possibility, the
heating system should not be left unattended
in cold weather; or appropriate safeguards and
alarms should be installed on the heating system
to prevent damage if the boiler is inoperative.