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17
B. Boiling Out of Boiler and System. The oil and grease
which accumulate in a new hot water boiler can be
washed out in the following manner.
(1) Remove Safety Relief Valve using extreme care
to avoid damaging it.
(2) Partially ll boiler and add caustic soda or triso-
dium phosphate. Add an appropriate amount of
recommended boil out compound.
(3) Replace Safety Relief Valve.
(4) Fill the entire system with water.
(5) Start ring the boiler.
(6) Circulate the water through the entire system.
(7) Vent the system, including the radiation.
(8) Allow boiler water to reach operating tempera-
ture, if possible.
(9) Continue to Circulate the water for a few hours.
(10) Stop ring the boiler.
(11) Drain the system in a manner and to a location
that hot water can be discharged with safety.
(12) Remove plugs from all available returns and
wash the water side of the boiler as thoroughly
as possible, using a high-pressure water stream.
(13) Rell the system with fresh water.
C. Add appropriate boiler water treatment compounds
as recommended by your qualied water treatment
company.
D. Make pH or Alkalinity Test.
After boiler and system have been cleaned and
relled as previously described, test the pH of the
water in the system. This can easily be done by
drawing a small sample of boiler water and testing
with hydrion paper which is used in the same
manner as litmus paper, except it gives specic
readings. A color chart on the side of the small
hydrion dispenser gives the reading pH. Hydrion
paper is inexpensive and obtainable from any
chemical supply house or thru your local druggist.
The pH should be higher than 7 but lower than 11.
Add appropriate water treatment chemicals, if
necessary, to bring the pH within the specied
range. With this lower level of protection, care must
be exercised to eliminate all of the free oxygen in
the system.
E. Boiler is now ready to be put into service.
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A leaky system will increase the volume of make-up
water supplied to the boiler which can signicantly
shorten the life of the boiler. Entrained in make-up
water are dissolved minerals and oxygen. When the
fresh, cool make-up water is heated in the boiler the
minerals fall out as sediment and the oxygen
escapes as a gas. Both can result in reduced boiler
life. The accumulation of sediment can eventually
isolate the water from contacting the steel. When
this happens the steel in that area gets extremely hot
and eventually cracks. The presence of free oxygen
in the boiler creates a corrosive atmosphere which,
if the concentration becomes high enough, can
corrode the steel through from the inside. Since
neither of these failure types are the result of a
manufacturing defect the warranty does not apply.
Clearly it is in everyone’s best interest to prevent
this type of failure. The maintenance of system
integrity is the best method to achieve this.
14. HINTS ON COMBUSTION
A. NOZZLES — Although the nozzle is a relatively
inexpensive device, its function is critical to the
successful operation of the oil burner. The selection
of the nozzle supplied with the LE boiler is the
result of extensive testing to obtain the best ame
shape and efcient combustion. Other brands of the
same spray angle and spray pattern may be used but
may not perform at the expected level of CO
2
and
smoke. Nozzles are delicate and should be protect-
ed from dirt and abuse. Nozzles are mass-produced
and can vary from sample to sample. For all of
those reasons a spare nozzle is a desirable item for
a serviceman to have.
B. FLAME SHAPE — Looking into the combustion
chamber through the ame plug hole, the ame
should appear straight with no sparklers rolling up
toward the top of the chamber. If the ame drags to
the right or left, sends sparklers upward or makes
wet spots on the rear door insulation piece, the
nozzle should be replaced. If the condition persists
look for fuel leaks, air leaks, water or dirt in the
fuel as described below.
C. FUEL LEAKS — Any fuel leak between the pump
and the nozzle will be detrimental to good combus-
tion results. Look for wet surfaces in the air tube,
under the transformer, and around the air inlet. Any
such leaks should be repaired as they may cause
erratic burning of the fuel and in the extreme case
may become a re hazard.
D. AIR LEAKS — Any such leaks should be repaired,
as they may cause erratic burning of the fuel and in
extreme cases may become a re hazard.
There are many possible causes of air leaks in oil
lines such as:
(1) Fitting leaks due to mis-ared tubing or
damaged tting.
(2) Fuel line leak due to crushed or bent tubing.
(3) Filter connection leaks.