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20 TRG-TRC011-EN
notes
period two
Absorption Chiller Types
Let us review Period One briefly. In the generator, dilute solution absorbs heat
from the steam or hot water, causing the refrigerant to boil and separate from
the absorbent solution. As the refrigerant boils away, the absorbent solution
becomes concentrated and returns to the absorber. The resulting hot
refrigerant vapor migrates to the cooler condenser, where heat transfers from
the refrigerant vapor to the cooling water, causing the refrigerant to condense.
The resulting condensed liquid refrigerant flows through an expansion
device, causing a pressure drop that reduces the refrigerant pressure and
temperature to the desired evaporator conditions. The cooled mixture of liquid
and vapor refrigerant then flows into the evaporator pan, from which the
evaporator spray pump continuously pumps the liquid refrigerant and sprays
it over the tubes. As heat transfers from the water to the cooler refrigerant, the
refrigerant boils (vaporizes) and the resulting refrigerant vapor is drawn into the
absorber.
Inside the absorber, the refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the lithium bromide
solution. As the refrigerant vapor is absorbed, it is also condensed, thereby
releasing heat to the cooling water. The absorber spray pump mixes
concentrated absorbent solution (returning from the generator) with dilute
solution (from inside the absorber) and delivers this intermediate solution to
the absorber sprays. To complete the cycle, the generator pump returns the
dilute absorbent solution to the generator to be reconcentrated. This cool dilute
solution passes through a heat exchanger to be preheated by the hot
concentrated solution returning from the generator.
condenser
condenser
evaporator
evaporator
absorber
absorber
expansion
expansion
device
device
heat
heat
exchanger
exchanger
evaporator spray pump
evaporator spray pump
generator pump
generator pump
absorber
absorber
spray pump
spray pump
generator
generator
chilled
chilled
water
water
cooling
cooling
water
water
steam or
steam or
hot water
hot water
Figure 23