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Ussc 15
TYPE WEIGHT PER CORD EFFICIENCY SPLITS MILLIONS
(LBS. CU. FT., DRY) RANKING BTU's/CORD
Hickory 63 4500 1.0 Well 31.5
White Oak 48 4100 .9 Fair 28.6
Red Oak 46 3900 .8 Fair 27.4
Beech 45 3800 .7 Hard 26.8
Sugar Maple 44 3700 .6 Fair 26.2
Black Oak 43 3700 .6 Fair 25.6
Ash 42 3600 .5 Well 25.0
Yellow Birch 40 3400 .4 Hard 23.8
Red Maple 38 3200 .3 Fair 22.6
Paper Birch 37 3100 .3 Easy 22.1
Elm/Sycamore 34 2900 .2 Very Difficult 20.1
Red Spruce 29 1800 .1 Easy 16.1
WOODSTOVE UTILIZATION
Your heating unit was designed to burn wood only; no other materials should be burned. Waste
and other flammable materials should not be burned in your stove. Any type of wood may be
used in your stove, but specific varieties have better energy yields than others. Please consult
the following table in order to make the best possible choice.
It is EXTREMELY IMPORTANT that you use DRY WOOD only in your wood stove. The wood
should have dried for 9 to 15 months, such that the humidity content (in weight) is reduced below
20% of the weight of the log. It is very important to keep in mind that even if the wood has been cut
for one, two or even more years, it is not necessarily dry, if it has been stored in poor conditions.
Under extreme conditions it may rot instead of drying. This point cannot be over stressed; the vast
majority of the problems related to the operation of a wood stove is caused by the fact that the wood
used was too damp or had dried in poor conditions. These problems can be:
- ignition problems
- creosote build-up causing chimney fires
- low energy yield
- blackened windows
- incomplete log combustion
Smaller pieces of wood will dry faster. All logs exceeding 6" in diameter should be split. The wood
should not be stored directly on the ground. Air should circulate through the cord. A 24" to 48" air
space should be left between each row of logs, which should be placed in the sunniest location
possible. The upper layer of wood should be protected from the element but not the sides.