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1.1.5 Membrane Elements
Membrane elements are interleaved layers of semi-permeable membrane, spacer,
and permeate carrier spiraled around a central permeate tube make up the mem-
brane element.
Figure 1.2
Membrane Element with Interconnectors
1.1.6 Clean-In-Place
The abbreviation for Clean-In-Place is CIP.
1.1.7 Flow Control Center
The Flow Control Center features a concentrate flow control valve, a recycle flow
control valve, and a pressure gauge. It is located directly behind the control enclo-
sure.
1.1.8 Average Pressure
P
AV G
(Average Pressure) = [(P
PRIMARY
+ P
FINAL
) ÷ 2]
1.1.9 Concentration
Concentration equals the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentration of a solution
expressed as conductivity (µS/cm) or parts per million (ppm).
2