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42 TRG-TRC007-EN
notes
period three
Acoustical Analysis
The total sound energy that strikes a surface (W
i
) is either reflected (W
r
),
absorbed by the material (W
a
), or transmitted through the material (W
t
).
A material provides a barrier to the incident sound energy (W
i
) when it reduces
the amount of sound energy that is transmitted through the material (W
t
). There
are a number of factors that affect the amount of sound transmitted through the
wall, including the type and thickness of material, frequency of the sound, and
quality of construction.
Materials that are dense (such as masonry block or wallboard) or stiff (such as
glass) are generally better at reducing transmitted sound than materials that
are lightweight or flexible. Increasing the thickness of a material reduces the
amount of sound transmitted through it. Finally, the ability of a material to
reduce transmitted sound depends on frequency. High-frequency sound is
more easily reduced than low-frequency sound.
W
W
i
i
incident
incident
sound energy
sound energy
W
W
t
t
transmitted
transmitted
sound energy
sound energy
reflected
reflected
sound energy
sound energy
W
W
r
r
W
W
a
a
absorbed
absorbed
sound energy
sound energy
Sound Transmission
Figure 47